1、显示当前系统上root、fedora或user1用户的默认shell;
#!/bin/bashfor user in root fedora user1 do id $user &> /dev/null if [ $? -eq 0 ] then cat /etc/passwd | grep ^$user | cut -d: -f7 fidone//输出://下面是或的输出/bin/bash#!/bin/bashfor user in root mysql do id $user &> /dev/null if [ $? -eq 0 ] then cat /etc/passwd | grep ^$user | cut -d: -f7 break fidone//输出:/bin/bash
2、找出/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions文件中某单词后面跟一组小括号的行,形如:hello();
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions | grep -E -o ^"[_[:alpha:]]+\(\)"fstab_decode_str()checkpid()__readlink()__fgrep()__kill_pids_term_kill_checkpids()__kill_pids_term_kill()__umount_loop()__source_netdevs_fstab()__source_netdevs_mtab()__umount_loopback_loop()__pids_var_run()__pids_pidof()daemon()killproc()pidfileofproc()pidofproc()status()echo_success()echo_failure()echo_passed()echo_warning()update_boot_stage()success()failure()passed()warning()action()action_silent()strstr()confirm()get_numeric_dev()is_ignored_file()is_true()is_false()apply_sysctl()key_is_random()find_crypto_mount_point()init_crypto()
3、使用echo命令输出一个绝对路径,使用grep取出其基名;
[root@localhost ~]# echo "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/" | grep -E -o "[^/]+/+$" | cut -d/ -f1network-scripts
扩展:取出其路径名:
暂时没想出方法,希望老师给予一些解答
4、找出ifconfig命令结果中的1-255之间数字;
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | grep -E -o '\<([1-9]|[0-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\>'0029289240192168193188192168193255255255255641261712712551128144212212212212
5、挑战题:写一个模式,能匹配合理的IP地址;
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | grep -E -o '(\<([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\>\.){3}\<([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\>'192.168.193.188192.168.193.255255.255.255.0127.0.0.1255.0.0.0
6、挑战题:写一个模式,能匹配出所有的邮件地址;
grep -E -o '[[:alnum:]]+\@[[:alnum:]]+\.[[:alpha:]]+'
7、查找/var目录下属主为root,且属组为mail的所有文件或目录;
[root@localhost ~]# find /var \( -user root -group mail \)/var/spool/mail/var/spool/mail/root
8、查找当前系统上没有属主或属组的文件;
[root@localhost ~]# find / \( -nouser -o -nogroup \) -type f/var/spool/mail/mandriva/home/mandriva/.bashrc/home/mandriva/.bash_profile/home/mandriva/.bash_logoutfind: `/proc/9529/task/9529/fdinfo/5': No such file or directoryfind: `/proc/9529/task/9529/fdinfo/5': No such file or directoryfind: `/proc/9529/fdinfo/5': No such file or directoryfind: `/proc/9529/fdinfo/5': No such file or directory
这里不明白为什么会有类似find: `/proc/9529/fdinfo/5': No such file or directory
进一步:查找当前系统上没有属主或属组,且最近3天内曾被访问过的文件或目录;
[root@localhost ~]# find / \( -nouser -o -nogroup \) -a -atime -3 -type ffind: `/proc/9538/task/9538/fdinfo/5': No such file or directoryfind: `/proc/9538/task/9538/fdinfo/5': No such file or directoryfind: `/proc/9538/fdinfo/5': No such file or directoryfind: `/proc/9538/fdinfo/5': No such file or directory
9、查找/etc目录下所有用户都有写权限的文件;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc/ -perm -222
10、查找/etc目录下大于1M,且类型为普通文件的所有文件;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc/ -size +1M -type f/etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.24/etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/policy.kern/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml
11、查找/etc/init.d/目录下,所有用户都有执行权限,且其它用户有写权限的文件;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc/init.d/ -perm -113
12、查找/usr目录下不属于root、bin或hadoop的文件;
[root@localhost ~]# find /usr/ -not \( -user root -o -user bin -o -user hadoop \)/usr/libexec/abrt-action-install-debuginfo-to-abrt-cache
13、查找/etc/目录下至少有一类用户没有写权限的文件;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc/ -not -perm -222
14、查找/etc目录下最近一周内其内容被修改过,且不属于root或hadoop的文件;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc/ -mtime -7 -a -not -user root -a -not -user hadoop